Micro RNAs miRNAs have been found to regulate many different processes (in animals and plants). This paper describes a phtoactivatable method for temporal control of miRNA inhibition for the study of the miRNA's function. A cantimir is a caged amtimir or mimick target mRNA strand for the miRNA. When introduced into a cell, this molecule binds the miRNAs though base pairing, then chemically sequesters them through a covalent bond formed between the linker and the NH group on the 5' end. They used a 1-(2-nitrophenyl) ethyl(NPE) caged coumarin with high uncaging efficiency, so that upon light treatment, the labile bond is broken and the miRNA is freed and able to bind its real target to cause some biological change.
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