This is the paper that we discussed in class regarding the PylRS crystal structure and orthogonality. They state "The M. mazei PylRS and tRNAPyl are orthogonal not only to the bacterial systems but also to the eukaryotic systems, and thus these lysine derivatives have been successfully incorporated into a protein in yeast and mammalian cells" The way it is written makes it sound as though the other PylRS/tRNA pairs are not orthogonal in mammalian cells. All of the lysine analogue incorporation that involved mammalian cells i reviewed were using the M. mazei PylRS.
Yeah, it says the M. barkeri pair are orthogonal in E. coli, but it doesn't say they're orthogonal in mammalian cells. They mentioned the short D-loop, which could be one major factor in it only working in E. coli.
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